干预前后居民心脑血管病、糖尿病知信行水平分析

An analysis of the levels of the knowledge,attitude and practice of residents towards cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus before and after interventions

目的了解人群对心脑血管病和糖尿病相关知识的掌握情况,评价以社区为基础的以健康教育为手段的干预效果。方法干预Methods为创造社区健康支持环境、家庭动员、家庭行为干预和健康讲座。干预前后采用随机抽样的方法抽取杭州市常住居民,进行心脑血管病糖尿病防治知信行调查,干预前调查798例,干预后调查500例;结果初查显示杭州市六个区的常住居民对心脑血管病和糖尿病防治知信行水平较低;通过一年的综合干预,28项知信行指标均有了显著提高。结论健康促进是控制心脑血管病和糖尿病的重要措施,行为干预的效果优于一般的健康教育,以社区为基础的心脑血管病和糖尿病综合干预在我国是切实可行且行之有效。

Objective The present study was designed to gain insight into the people ＂s knowledge about cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus, and to evaluate the effects of community-based health education as a means of intervention. Methods The measures included the development of supportive environments for community healthcare, family mobilization, family behavioral interventions and healthcare lectures. The permanent residents in the Hangzhou City were randomly sampled before and after the interventions to make survey on their knowledge, attitude and practice of the prevention and treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus, with 789 cases surveyed before the interventions and 500 cases after them. Results The preliminary survey showed that the permanent residents in the 6 districts of Hangzhou City had low levels of the knowledge,attitude and practice towards the prevention and treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. The 28 indices of knowledge, attitude and practice were improved significantly after one year＇s comprehensive interventions. Conclusion It is believed that health promotion is an important measure for the prevention and control of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. The behavioral interventions are better than ordinary health education. It can been seen that community-based comprehensive interventions on cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus are practicable and effective in China.