论六朝佛学对中国文论精神的升华

On Sublimating Influence of Buddhism in Six Dynasties upon the Spirit of Chinese Literary Theory

中国古代文论具有丰厚的人文精神蕴涵,然而这种传统的精神蕴涵到了汉魏之际,面临着新的问题。中国传统的儒道思想以及玄学观念无法满足人们的精神解脱,需要新的宗教精神的介入。佛教在这时候适应当时人们的需要,对于文论的精神价值作了深化,影响到文艺理论领域,使汉魏以来的文论精神蕴涵具有多元交融的特点既有儒家思想的延续,亦有道家与玄学的创辟。两晋之后,佛学从宗教境界的层面,提升了中国传统文化与文论的思想境界,使文艺精神具有了更深的形而上意蕴,对文艺理论问题的思考愈趋深邃。显示出中国古代文论的精神价值体系多元共生、互相融补的特点,直接促成了《文心雕龙》的诞生,并且影响到唐宋时代佛学向禅宗方向的转化。深入探寻这种成因,是了解中国古代文论人文底蕴与精神蕴涵问题的重要途径,也是激活其现代价值的关键所在。

The ancient literary theory of China is reputed with its profound sprat of hurnanity, the traditional spirit is demanding new adjustment at the turn of Han and Wei dynasty. Buddhism, meeting the demand of the age, by subliming the spirit and values of the literary theory, influences the whole domain of the literary theory, promotes directly the elevation of spirit and significance of Literary Mind and Carving of the Dragon （a Chinese literary classic）, and also paves the way for the renascence of Zenist aesthetics and Poetics.