河间市地方性氟中毒病区井水的氟含量

Investigation on Fluorine Contents of Well Water in Endemic Fluorosis Area of Hejian City

目的了解河间市地方性氟中毒病区井水氟含量。方法于2003年7月—2005年1月在河间市境内选取2个乡镇,每个乡镇分别随机抽取20个村,每个村取集中供水的深水井1眼,测量井深。每眼井分别在每年夏季丰水期及冬季枯水期采集水样1次,每次采2件平行水样,1周内测定,连续采样2a。结果水氟含量为1.2～4.4mg/L,均超过1.0mg/L,超标率达100%。不同氟含量水平的井水总硬度不同,差异有统计学意义(F=7.14,P<0.01);并且随着氟含量的增加,水的总硬度降低,呈负相关关系(r=-0.615,P<0.01)。不同氟含量水平的井水pH值不同,差异有统计学意义(F=38.79,P<0.01);井水的pH值与氟含量呈正相关关系(r=0.687,P<0.01)。井深范围为250～400m。按井深从浅到深分成3组(250m～,300m～,350～400m),各组间氟含量比较,差异有统计学意义(F=6.22,P<0.01)。并且随着井深的增加,井水的氟含量升高,呈正相关关系(r=0.560,P<0.01)。结论河间市2个地方性氟中毒病区井水氟含量超标严重,井水氟含量与水的总硬度、pH值、井深具有明显的相关性。

Objective To understand the relationship between the fluoride contents and the total hardness, pH value, the depth of well in the endemic fluorosis areas of Hejian city. Methods 40 villages in 2 towns of Hejian city were selected randomly and the well water samples in these villages were collected and determined. Results The contents of fluoride in the well water were higher than the limit（1 mg/L） in Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water Quality （China, 2001）, ranged 1.2～4.4 mg/L, with a mean of 2.80 mg/L. The fluoride contents increased as the total hardness decreased （r=-0.615, P〈0.01）, pH value, the depth of well and fluoride content showed a positive relationship （r=0.687, P〈0.01 and r=0.560, P〈0.01）. Conclusion The contents of fluoride in the well water in two towns of Hejian exceed seriously the limit in national health standard, fluoride contents in the wells are related to the total hardness, pH value and the depth of well.