略论明末清初禅悦之风对文人与文学的影响

The Prevailing Custom of Buddhism Influenced Scholars and Literature

明末清初的佛学走向经历了一个由狂禅派的激进到禅净双修的退守过程,最终沦为清统治者巩固政权的工具。禅悦之风对晚明清初文人与文学的影响主要表现在关注自我、异端大开、走向空无三个方面,直接影响到当时戏剧、小说禅悟解脱的结尾方式,进而催生出中国古代成熟的悲剧理论。

This thesis studied the process of Buddhism during the end of Ming and beginning of Qing dynasty which developed from the radical and fanatical Buddhism to the deep meditation and practice Buddhism which was controled as a dominant tool by the Qing rulers. The pursuit of Buddhism influenced the scholars and literature of that age through three aspects： the self -solicitude, the spread of unorthodox opinions, the trend of prevailing of nihility. Forthermore, it influenced directly the ending- style of the dramas and novels and expedited the born of the mature tragedy theory in ancient China.