欠平衡钻井技术的优势和挑战

Advantage and challenge of underbalanced drilling technology

文章综述了国内外欠平衡钻井技术的应用现状,分析了国内外对欠平衡钻井技术的需求;结合目前国内的应用情况,重点介绍了欠平衡钻井的技术优势,即欠平衡钻井技术能够减少油气层伤害、评价油气藏、提高机械钻速、同时还具有有效控制漏失、减少压差卡钻等优点。讨论了欠平衡钻井技术在钻井成本、储层损害、钻井液选择、完井和测井以及存在不安全的隐患等方面所面临的技术挑战,指出欠平衡钻井比常规钻井具有更显著的技术优势,在国外已经发展很成熟;但在国内对欠平衡钻井的认识还不足,发展应用受到制约;建议应建立欠平衡钻井作业标准和管理规章制度,加强欠平衡钻井的相关基础理论和技术研究。这对国内进一步开展欠平衡钻井技术工作的研究有很好的参考作用。

This paper summarizes briefly the present situation both home and abroad, analyses the development demand of underbalanced drilling technology. According the application inland, the emphasis of this paper is introducing the superiority of technology. Underbalanced technology not only has advantage in decreasing damage of hydrocarbon reservoir, appraising reservoir, improving penetration rate, but also has advantage in avoiding effectively leakage and decreasing probability of drill pipe sticking for pressure difference. The technology challenges of cost of drilling ~ damage of hydrocarbon reservoir , well completion and well logging are discussed. The paper points out that underbalanced drilling is more preponderant than overbalanced drilling and several important problems of underbalanced drilling technology on domestic. The criteria and administration system of under-balanced drilling technology on domestic should be established. Also the basic theory and technology should be strengthened. This will provide a reference for the research of under-balanced drilling technology.