火山喷发柱物理机制的理论探讨

Theoretic Discussion of Physical Mechanism of Volcanic Plume

浮力射流现象(又称羽流),是自然界很普遍的一种物理现象.世界上中最壮观的羽流现象是由爆炸性火山喷发的各种火山气体、细粒的火山喷发碎屑物所组成的火山喷发柱,也就是我们俗称的火山蘑菇云.火山喷发柱的强弱和类型受火山喷发柱流体物理性质、动力状况力和周围环境条件的制约.本文重点讨论了火山喷发柱的地表部分的物理机制.在分析前人在此方面的实验数据和成果之后,初步得出了我们自己的一些观点和看法.

The plume is a kind of widespread physical phenomena. The most powerful plume in nature is volcanic plume, which is formed by ejection of mixture of pyroclasts and volcanic gases in to the air from volcanic vent. The strength and type of volcanic plume is not only influenced by the physical character of pyroclasts and volcanic gases but also influenced by the environmental conditions and forces. To understand its mechanism is very helpful to monitor and mitigate volcanic hazards. Referring to the previous works, we come to some preliminary conclusion.