日本近代町村会的起源与形成

The Origin and Formation about Modern Japanese Towns and Village Assembly

日本町村会的形成是日本地方社会传统以及启蒙思想、自由民权运动从下推动和政府从上引进的结果,是在上下合力作用下产生的。双方的作用都很重要,缺乏任何一方的推动,近代的町村会实际上都很难形成并巩固下来。日本近代町村会尽管与战后的町村会不可同日而语,但它的成立在日本地方制度的历史上,还是有着重要的意义,其进步性应予肯定。

Following the research on the origin and formation process of modern Japanese towns and villages assembly, the article draws a conclusion that the assembly was not only helped by the power of the then Meiji dynasty but also supported by the ordinary people——a product of the combination of the two forces. Neither of the forces could sustain and develop the assembly system. It is true that this assembly is far different from the assembly after the world war Ⅱ, but its role and influence in local administrative system as well as its advanced nature should not be neglected.