勾栏歌妓与元曲的繁荣

Goulan,geishas and the prosperity of Yuanqu

宋元时期,随着城市经济的发展,市民阶层的壮大,出现了瓦舍勾栏。作为商业性质的演出场所,勾栏中汇集了多种积极因素,促成了勾栏伎艺的繁盛。戏曲作为一门高度综合的艺术,是在瓦舍勾栏中融合多种伎艺发展起来的,并成为勾栏伎艺的主体。当时的戏曲演员大多是歌妓出身的女性,她们的悲苦命运,成为元曲创作的重要素材;她们的高超技艺,征服了观众,为元曲艺术的繁荣做出了重大的贡献。

During Song and Yuan Dynasty, Washe and Goulan arose along with economic development in the city and the strengthening of citizenry stratum. It was various positive factors gathered in Goulan that caused the skill prosperity. The traditional drama was a tort of highly synthetical art, which was developed blending various skills in Goulan, and became a main body among the skills in it. At that time, the performers of traditional drama were mostly women, who came from Geisha. Their miserable fate became an important material of Yuanqu, and their excellent feat conquered a great deal of audience. They contributed greatly to the prosperity of Yuanqu.