股动脉与股静脉解剖关系的CT研究及其在介入放射学中的意义

Anatomic Relationship Between the Femoral Artery and Vein:CT Evaluation and Significance in Interventional Procedures

目的：研究股动脉与股静脉的解剖关系及其在介入放射学中的意义。材料与方法：随机抽取１２０例患者盆腔ＣＴ片，分析左、右共２４０对血管对股动脉与股静脉的前后关系和重叠程度。结果：８７％血管对股动脉中心位于股静脉中心之前，无１例股静脉中心位于股动脉中心之前。４７．５％血管对股动脉与股静脉有不同程度的前后重叠，其中大于２５％的重叠血管对占１７．１％，大于５０％的重叠血管对占６．３％。９３％股动脉在股骨头下缘以下１～２ｃｍ水平分为股深动脉和股浅动脉。在该平面，股浅动脉均与股静脉前后重叠。结论：在行股静脉穿刺时，应掌握正确方法，避免同时穿通股动脉和股静脉，以减少动静脉瘘的发生。

To study the anatomic relationship between the femoral artery and vein,Materials and Methods:Pelvic CT scans of 120 patients were selected at random,The antero-posterior relationship and overlapping percentage of the femoral artery to femoral vein were evaluated bilateraly (240 pairs).Results:The femoral artery was anterior to its corresponding vein in 87% vessel pairs.The femoral vein was never anterior to its adjacent artery.There was some overlap of the femoral artery and vein in the antero-posterior plane in 47.5% of the vessel pairs.In addition,more than 25% of the artery overlapped the vein in 6.3% of vessel pairs,more than 50% of the artery overlapped the vein in 6.3% vessel pairs.93% of the femoral artery bifurcated into its superficial femoral artery and profunda femoris artery branches at 1～2cm below the femoral head,at this level,the superficial femoral artery is always directly anterior to the femoral vein.Conclusion:Correct method should be taken during a femoral vein puncture to prevent the simultaneous passage of an entry needle though the artery and vein in order to minimize the risk of creating an arteriovenous fistula.