椎体钉重建脊柱前方稳定性的失误与预防

FAILURE AND PREVENTION OF RECONSTRUCTION IN ANTERIOR STABILITY OF SPINE BY DUAL BLADE PLATE/

椎体间内固定钉（椎体钉）已广泛应用于脊柱前方固定术。为了总结椎体钉内固定术的经验，随访了２９８例患者。其中用于胸腰椎骨折前路固定术１８１例，胸腰椎结核６３例，胸腰椎椎体肿瘤４３例，腰椎滑脱５例，强直性脊柱炎伴驼背畸形２例，青春期骨骺炎驼背畸形２例，半椎体畸形１例，腰椎发育不良伴驼背畸形１例。总的治疗效果满意。但有一部分椎体钉植入的位置不理想。最常见的是椎体钉的一臂或两臂进入椎间盘或部分钉臂进入椎间盘，其次是椎体钉的位置倾斜或伴有轻度侧弯、椎体劈裂或椎体钉脱出的发生。详细分析了失误发生的原因，并提出了预防方法。

Dual blade plate is widely used in reconstruction of anterior stability of spine. Two hundred and ninety eight cases were followed up since 1984. Among them, 181 cases were fracture of thoracolumbar spine; 63 cases were tuberculosis of thoracolumbar spine; 43 cases were tumor of thoracolumbar spine; 5 cases were spondylisthesis of lumbar spine; 2 cases were ankylosing spondylitis accompanied with gibbosity; 2 cases were adolescent vertebral epiphysis; I case was hemivertebra; I case was dysplasia of the first lumbar vertebra acompanied with gibbosity. Most cases were successful following operation, but in some cases, the results were unsuccessful, mainly due to the position of the dual blade plate in the vertebral body was not satisfactory. The mistakes most commonly occurred were one or two blades, or a part of the blade going into the intervertebral space, and less commonly seen was deviation of the dual blade plate from its correct orientation or a little side bent of the blade. Split of the vertebra and fall off of the dual blade plate were happened in few cases. The causes were analyzed and ways of prevention were provided in this article.