西藏自治区15个县妇女住院分娩率及影响因素分析

Factors associated with the hospital delivery in Tibet, China

目的了解西藏地区15个项目县住院分娩率及相关的影响因素。方法采用横断面设计及分层多阶段随机抽样的方法,对西藏自治区15个项目县3岁以下儿童及其母亲进行问卷调查。结果调查获得1512名妇女。被调查地区妇女的住院分娩率为40．2％。单因素分析显示:结婚年龄大、初产妇、有副业收入来源、居住地为农区、有孕产期保健宣传指导、有产前检查、产前检查次数多、产前检查医院级别高、有动员住院分娩、对安全分娩有正确的认识与住院分娩率高有关联。多因素分析发现与住院分娩仍有关联的因素为有无产前检查、有无动员住院分娩及对安全分娩的认识。结论调查地区的住院分娩率仍然很低,产前检查和产前宣教动员与住院分娩有显著关联,建议加强对该地区孕产妇的产前保健和宣教动员。

Objective To understand the prevalence proportion of hospital delivery in Tibet and analyze the factors affecting the hospital delivery for developing proper intervention. Methods Crosssectional study and stratified multistage sampling design were used to randomly select sampling units. Interviews were carried out on the women who had children younger than three years,in 15 counties with a structured questionnaire. Results 1512 women were interviewed and 40.2% of them gave birth at hospitals. Several factors were significantly associated with high prevalence proportion of hospital delivery in univariate analysis, which were older age at marriage, primiparous, having sideline income, living in agricultural region, having antenatal care instruction, having antenatal examination, high number of antenatal examination,high level of hospital for antenatal examination, having encouraged delivery in hospital and having the correct knowledge on safety delivery. In multivariate analysis, antenatal examination, encouraged delivery at hospital and knowledge on safety delivery remained significantly associated with hospital delivery. Conclusion The prevalence proportion of hospital delivery was low in Tibet which called for strengthening the antenatal care in the duration of pregnancy and developing knowledge for pregnant women to change their conception on delivery.