阿尔泰山南缘典型铜、镍、铅锌矿床成矿模式初探

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON METALLOGENIC MODELS OF TYPICAL COPPER,NICKEL AND LEAD-ZINC DEPOSITS IN SOUTHERN MARGIN OF ALTAY MOUNTAINS

阿尔泰山南缘的阿舍勒铜(锌)矿、可可塔勒铅锌矿、喀拉通克铜镍矿均为大型-特大型矿床。通过典型矿床成矿特征比较,认为本区主要的铜、镍、铅锌等有色金属矿床均形成于海西期,产于西伯利亚与哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔这两大板块之接合部位的陆缘裂谷带附近,块状硫化物矿床是其最基本的成矿形式,额尔齐斯深大断裂两侧是最有利的矿化富集空间。成矿物质来源都涉及到前泥盆系的古老岩石基底或更深的上地幔原始熔浆。其成矿模式有两种基本类型,一是早-中泥盆世海底火山喷流-沉积成矿作用模式,二是海西中晚期与上地幔拉斑玄武熔浆有关的熔融洋壳岩浆熔离分异成矿作用模式。

Ashele copper-（zinc） deposit, Keketale lead-zinc deposit and Kalatunk copper-nickel deposit are all large-superlarge ore deposits occurring in the south margin of Altay mountains. Comparison of the typical metallogenic characteristics of the deposits indicates that the copper, nickel, lead and zinc nonferrous metal deposits are formed in Hercynian Epoch near the continental margin rift zone at the amalgamation belt between Siberia plate and Kazakhstan-Zhungar plate and massive sulfide is the common feature and the flanks of Eerqisi deep fault are the mineralization-concentrated space. Ore-forming materials are involved with pre-Devonian basement and deeper proto melting magma from the upper mantle. Sea floor Sedex and partial melting differentiation of the upper mantle-derived melted tholeiitic ocean crust are the two main ore-forming models.