商周部族之间的信仰差异与兼容

Differenced and Com Patibilities of the beliefs between Shang dynadty's Clan and Zhou's

古代部落的封闭性导致其固有文化的独特性,商周部族文化就是相对独立而平行发展的。在至上神的信仰方面,商周部族各异,一者为“帝”,一者为“天”。在商统治期,间由于“小邦周”与“大邑商”的隶属关系,从政治角度看,“帝”和“天”有一种微妙的上下等级关系。在周族形成国家的过程中自然就产生“天”与“帝”之对抗,这种对抗主要导源于周族向商族之挑战。在周克商之后,周采用信仰怀柔政策,令“帝”与“天”相和谐,进行了一次商族与周族之间的信仰调停。

Now that an ancient closed tribe inevitably had a innate character of its culture, Shang Clan and Zhou Clan always developed their parallel cultures independently. Shang Clan and Zhou Clan were different in the religious beliefs which Shang Clan worshipped God and Zhou Clan worshipped Heaven, although Zhou Clan was under the administration of Shang Clan and Heaven was subordinate to God in a political hierarchy during Shang Dynasty. While Zhou Clan was gradually getting to the ruling position of the country, there naturally gave rise to conflicts between God and Heaven, which originated in rivalry between the two clans. After Zhou Clan overthrew the government of Shang Clan, Zhou Clan adopted soft policies on religious beliefs to produce a harmony of God and Heaven so that Zhou Clan conciliated the two clans in a religious dispute.