环境中多溴联苯醚类(PBDEs)化合物污染研究

The Pollution Research Aspect on Poly-Brominated Diphenyl Esters(PBDEs) Compounds in Environment

由于环境中PBDEs的浓度在快速增长且已在世界各地普遍存在,又因PBDEs的化学结构与PCB和DDT非常相似,因此PBDEs的环境毒性越来越多地受到学者们的关注。本文介绍PBDEs在环境介质中如水介质(河流、海洋、废水和沉积物),野生动物(海洋哺乳动物、鱼)和人体组织内(母乳、血清、脂肪)的分布及其毒性效应和对人类健康的威胁,着重介绍美国所进行的两个研究实例,也介绍了有关国家对PBDEs采取的预防和控制措施。

The concentration of PBDEs （poly-brominated diphenyl esters） is rapidly increasing and it can be found everywhere in the world. The chemical structure of PBDEs is very similar to PCB and DDT, so there is an increasing body of scientists who concern the toxic aspects of PBDEs in environment. This paper introduces PBDEs distribution status in environmental media such as aqueous medium （river, ocean, effluent, sediment）, wildlife （marine mammals, fish）, human tissues （ breast milk, blood serum, adipose ）, its toxicity effects and threaten to human health. Emphasis is put on two research examples made in the United States. The prevention and control measures adopted in some countries are also introduced.