美国联邦最高法院在大学教师宪法权利保障中的作用

The Importance of the Supreme Court of the United States in Protecting the Constitutional Rights of University Teachers

在美国高等教育与法律的关系中,大学教师宪法权利保障是最基本的问题之一。随着美国社会的发展和进步,特别是20世纪中期以后,联邦法院通过对一些涉及宪法问题的教育案件的审理对全国高等教育政策产生了影响,改进了大学教师的权利保障状况,维护了大学的学术自由和大学自治,促进了美国高等教育的发展。

Focusing on the roles and functions of the article examines the evolution of protecting the constitutional Supreme Court in higher education institutions, this rights of university teachers. Evidence shows that the Supreme Court plays an important role in the improvement of American higher education. Compared with the fed- eral administrative and legislative policies, the decision of the Supreme Court is much more compulsory. In spite Of the state governance of education according to the constitution, the decisions of some famous cases made by the Supreme Court have great impacts on the educational policies of the whole country.