食管超声心动图对主动脉瓣畸形的术前诊断及临床意义

Clinical significance of transesophogeal echocardiography in diagnosis of aortic valve nomalies before operation

目的探讨经食管超声心动图(TEE)在主动脉瓣畸形手术前应用的价值。方法对37例经TEE诊断并手术治疗的主动脉瓣畸形患者进行分析,总结出主动脉瓣畸形的特点、心内结构改变的规律及超声结果在手术方案选择中的参考价值。结果二叶瓣畸形24例、三叶瓣畸形10例、四叶瓣畸形3例,各种瓣膜畸形在瓣膜数目、交界数目及位置、瓣膜开放及关闭形状方面均有特点并均伴有不同程度的狭窄、关闭不全或二者并存;心内结构改变有升主动脉扩张、左室增大、左室肥厚;瓣膜畸形类型及钙化程度、心内结构及功能改变情况是选择手术方法时的重要参考信息。结论TEE是主动脉瓣畸形的可靠诊断方法,瓣膜矫治术前应用TEE可为临床提供有价值的参考信息,有助于手术方法的正确选择。

Objective To evaluate the values of diagnosis in anomalies of aortic valve with transesophogeal echocardiography （TEE） before operation. Methods Thirty - seven cases of anomalies of aortic valve which were diagnosed by TEE and treated by operation were analyzed retrospectively, the features of anomalies of aortic valve, pattern of cardiac structure changing and the reference values of diagnosis with TEE in choosing correct operation method were summarized. Results There were different characteristics in the number of valve and juncture, location of juncture, opening and closing shape of aortic valve, aortic valvular stenosis, aortic valvular regurgitation or both of them. Pattern of changes of cardiac structure included ascending aorta dilatation, left ventricle enlarge and left ventricle hypertrophy. Features of aortic valve anomalies and pattern of changes of cardiac structure were the important consulting information for the selection of operation method. Conclusion TEE is an important diagnosis method for anomalies of aortic valve, and it can provide abundant and valuable information for choosing an appropriate operational method.