人的类本质、人的现实本质——试述马克思关于人的本质的看法

The Idiosyncrasy and the Reality of Human Nature——the Perspective of Human Nature from Karl Marx

人的本质是由人的类本质和人的现实本质构成的一个对立统一体。人的类本质是人区别于其他自然物的活的规定性,在人的活动中表现出自由自觉性、主动创造性和自我意识性;人的现实本质是人与人之间的社会关系的区别的特性,表现为“一切社会关系的总和”。只有将人的类本质、人的现实本质对立统一起来对待,才能对人有一个完整全面的理解。

The idiosyncrasy and the reality are the two sides of the human nature.The idiosyncrasy is the vivid criterion which makes the human different from other creatures,and is voluntary,self-creative and self-conscious.The reality,as the general of all the social relationships,is the distinguishing feature of the difference among the human social relationships.We cannot have a thorough knowledge of human until we regard the idiosyncrasy and the reality as an integration.