渤海海域地质-地球物理储层预测技术及其应用

A geological-geophysical technique to predict reservoir and its application in Bohai sea

勘探形势的发展要求储层预测走向精细化和向寻找隐蔽圈闭方向发展,而要达到此要求,必须将地质理论与先进的地球物理技术相结合。储层预测技术目前已发展到了与三维地震勘探技术相适应的动力控制阶段,这一阶段的储层预测,要求对沉积体的时间控制因素(层序地层)、空间控制因素(坡折、沟谷、调节带)和物源控制因素进行细致研究,并研究它们之间的耦合关系。油气勘探实践表明,以任何单一因素为基础的储层预测模型都是不完整的,只有综合考虑时间、空间、物源三大因素,才能建立起储层预测的最佳模型。在准确控砂模型的基础上,从地震剖面解释到地震属性的提取、分析都密切结合地质理论,才能准确地进行储层预测。提出了地质-地球物理储层预测技术,总结出了利用该项技术进行储层预测的5个关键点。地质-地球物理储层预测技术在渤海海域古近系储层预测中取得了非常好的效果。

The development of exploration requires reservoir prediction to be more refined and to aim at subtle traps. Therefore, geological concepts have to be combined with advanced geophysical techniques. At present, the reservoir prediction technique has got into a dynamic control stage suitable to 3D seismic exploration, during which timecontrol factors （sequence stratigraphy）, space-control factors （break, valley and transfer zone）, provenance-control factors, and the relationships among them need to be studied carefully for depositional bodies. According to petroleum exploration practice, any prediction model based on one factor is not complete, and optimal models can be built only when the three types of factors （time, space and provenance） are considered comprehensively. On a basis of accurate sand-control models, reservoir can be accurately predicted only when geological concepts are combined from seismic interpretation to attribute extraction. A geological-geophysical technique to predict reservoir is proposed, and five key points of its application are summarized in this paper. This technique has made a very good result in Paleogene reservoir prediction in Bohal sea.