儿童急性肾功能不全临床分析

Clinical Analysis of Acute Renal Insufficiency in Children

目的探讨儿童急性肾功能不全的病因、治疗和预后。方法回顾2002~2005年本院34例儿童急性肾功能不全住院患儿的临床资料,对其发病原因、临床表现、治疗和预后行归纳分析,并作进一步探讨。结果急性肾功能不全34例中男19例,女15例;起病年龄16.0 d^15.5岁。因急性肾功能发病占35.3%。药物引起占29.4%。药物致儿童急性肾功能不全死亡率为20%,转为慢性肾功能不全为30%。结论原发性肾小球疾病是儿童急性肾功能不全的最常见原因,药物致儿童急性肾功能不全预后差,应及早干预原发性肾小球疾病防止慢性化,充分重视肾毒性药物的临床应用。

Objective To explore the pathogenesis and prognosis of acute renal insufficiency in children. Method The pathogensis, clinical manifestation, treatment and prognosis retrospected and discussed by analysis of the clinical features of 34 children with acute renal insufficiency hospitalized in 2002- 2005. Results Of 34 children, there were 15 females and 19 males, the age range from 16 days to 15.5 years old. Among pathogenesis of acute renal insufficiency, primary glomerular diseases occupied 35.3% and drug- induced acute renal insufficiency occupied about 29.4%. The mortality of drug- induced acute renal insufficiency was 20% of and about 30% developed chronic renal insufficiency was 30%. Conclusions Primary glomerular diseases rank the dominant causes of acute renal insufficiency, while drug- induced acute renal insufficiency has poor prognosis. So it is important to treat primary glomerular diseases in early stage and emphasize the side effect of drugs to kidney.