我国竞技体育后备人才培养现状与对策

Study on the Present Situation and Countermeasures of Athletic Talented Reserves′ Training of China

运用文献法、问卷调查法、系统分析法、社会学分析等研究方法,对影响和制约我国竞技体育后备人才培养的主要因素—训练体制、竞赛体制、体育管理体制以及有关社会学因素进行分析研究。以社会主义市场经济条件下竞技体育人才培养特点及发展的规律为切入点,多角度、深层次分析了我国训练体制、竞赛体制、体育管理体制与竞技体育后备人才培养现状以及相互关系。以我国竞技体育人才培养实践成功与不足的实例论证了体育与教育结合的必要性和重要性。初步建立了竞技体育人才培养可持续发展的理论框架,进而提出:树立现代化人才培养观;深化改革现行训练体制、加速学校化和社会化进程;完善竞赛体制、发挥竞赛的杠杆作用;优化体育管理体制;转变我国社会体育价值观是现阶段我国竞技体育发展的主要对策。

Using the methods of literature, questionnaire investigation, sysmeyic analysis, sociological analysis, this paper studied the main factors of influence on athletic talented reserves＇ training： training system, competitive system, sports management system and related .sociological factors. In the light of the features and law of athletic talented reserves＇ training under the condition of .socialist market - oriented economy, the paper made a thorough analysis, from various analysis, on the present situation of Chinese athletic talented reserves＇ training, training system, competitive system, sports management system main influence factors mentioned above and their mutural relation. The necessity and importance of combining sports with education was proved by Chinese athletic talented reserves＇ training practice. The theory of athletic talented reserves＇ training development was set up. The result showed that the development of Chinese competitive sports lies in such countermeasures as fostering modernized thought of talent training, reforming present training system, speeding up the schooling and socializatiou of athletic talent development, improving competitive system and brining the function of competition into full play, perfecting sports management system, and changing Chinese .social values and attitude to sports.