1Cohen ML. Changing pattern of infection diseases [J]. Nature,2000,406(6797) :762-767.
2Corona-Nakamura AL, Miranda-Novales MG, Leanos-Miranda B, et al. Epidemiology study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa incritical patients and reservoirs [J]. Archives Medical Res,2001,32(3) :238-242.
7Poirel L, Naas T, Nicolas D, et al. Characterization of VIM-2,a carbapenem-hydrolyzing metallo-beta-lact amase and its plasmid- and integron-borne gene from a Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate in France [J]. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2000,44 (4) : 891-897.
9Jacoby GA, Sutton L. Properties of plasmids responsible for production of extended-spectrum β-1aetamases [J]. Antimierob Agents Chemother,1991,35(1) :164-169.
3Hoffken G, Niederman MS. Nosocomial pneumonia: the importance of a de-escalating strategy for antibiotic treatment of pneumonia in the ICU[J]. Chest,2002,122(6):2183-2196.
4Singh N, Rogers P, Atwood CW, et al. Short-course empiric antibiotic therapy for patients with pulmonary infiltrates in the intensive care unit[J]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2000,162(2):505-511.
5Richards MJ, Edwards JR, Culver DH, et al. Nosocomial infections in medical intensive care units in the United States. National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System[J]. Crit Care Med,1999, 27(5):887-892.
6Livermore DM. Clinical significance of beta-lactamase induction and stable derepression in Gram-negative rods[J]. Eur J Clin Microbiol, 1987,6(4):439-445.
7Goldman DA, Weinstein RA, Wenzel RP, et al. Strategies to prevent and control the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms in hospitals: a challenge to hospital leadership[J]. JAMA, 1996, 275(3):234-240.
8Niederman MS. An approach to empiric therapy oI nosocomial pneumonia[J]. Med Clin North Am, 1994,78(5): 1123-1141.
9Ferrer R, Artigas A. Non-antibiotic strategies for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia[J]. Crit Care, 2002, 6(1):45-51.