奶山羊初乳短、中链脂肪酸组成研究

Study on short-and medium-chain fatty acids composition in colostrums of dairy goat

以西北农林科技大学西农萨能羊原种场的产奶母羊为研究对象,采集35只2.5￣5岁母羊分娩后1￣5d的初乳和第5周常乳乳样,用气相色谱仪对乳中的短、中链脂肪酸组成含量进行测定。结果表明,初乳1￣5d中,丁酸(C4:0)、己酸(C6:0)、辛酸(C8:0)、癸酸(C10:0)、月桂酸(C12:0)、肉豆蔻酸(C14:0)的含量存在极显著差异(P<0.01),棕榈酸(C16:0)、硬脂酸(C18:0)、油酸(C18:1)和亚油酸(C18:2)的含量差异显著(P<0.05);而初乳与常乳中,辛酸(C8:0)、癸酸(C10:0)、月桂酸(C12:0)的含量差异极显著(P<0.01),丁酸(C4:0)、棕榈酸(C16:0)含量差异显著(P<0.05),其余脂肪酸含量差异均不显著(P>0.05)。羊初乳中丁酸(C4:0)含量受产奶量影响不显著,处于相对稳定状态;其他短链脂肪酸和中链脂肪酸中棕榈酸(C16:0)的含量随产奶量增加而减少,长链脂肪酸随产奶量增加而增加。

From the dairy herd of the breeding Saanen goat farm of Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, one-hundred seventy five colostrum samples and thirty three mature milk samples from Saanen goats aged from two point five years old to five years old were collected to assay the short- and medium- chain fatty acids using gas chromatograph. Results obtained from this study indicated extremely significantly different contents of butyric（C4：0）,Caproic（C6：0）,Caprylic（CS：0）, Capric（C10：0）, Lauric（C12：0） and Myristic（C14：0） acids and significantly different contents of Palmitric（C16：0）,Stearic（C18：0）,Oleic（C18：l） and linoleic（C18：2） among five days colotrum after parturition.There were extremely significant differences on Caprylic（CS：0）, Capric（C10：0）, Lauric（C12：0） concentrations （P〈0.01） and significant differences on Butyric （C4：0） and Palmitric（C16：0）concentrations （P〈0.05） between colostrurns and mature milk; conversely, there were similar other fatty acids concentrations （P〉0.05）. Furthermore, the results indicated that dairy production has effect on fatty acid concentrations in colostrum.