木质纤维素乙醇发酵研究中的关键点及解决方案

Key points of ethanol fermentation of lignocellulose and resolving methods

该文综述了近年来木质纤维素材料发酵生产乙醇的研究进展,提出了在木质纤维素原料发酵生产乙醇过程中的两大关键点,一是减少和消除原料预处理过程中抑制物及其有害影响;二是含木糖、葡萄糖、甘露糖、半乳糖等多种物质的混合物同时作为底物的乙醇发酵。在对已有研究结果比较和分析基础上,提出相应的解决方案。首先要采取综合的预处理过程,达到提高木质纤维素水解率的同时减少发酵抑制物;然后是提高发酵菌种对混合糖底物的利用能力和发酵生成乙醇的能力以及对抑制物的耐受性,以提高木质纤维素发酵生产乙醇的转化率。

This article reviews development of ethanol fermentation using lignocellulose material. It put forward two key points in the fermentation process. One is how to reduce or eliminate inhibitor in lignocellulose hydrolyzed pretreatment process and removing its deleterious influence to next fermentation process; the other is to use monosaccharide mixture including xylose, glucose, mannose and galactose etc. obtained after hydrolyzing pretreatment in fermentation process. Through comparison and analysis of previous research results, this article presents two methods to resolve the problems, one is to use integrative pretreatment method to improve hydrolysis rate and reduce inhibitors synchronously; the other is to improve fermenting microorganism ability to use monosaccharide mixture substance and converting it into ethanol and tolerating fermentation inhibitors. So bioconversion rate of lignocellulose to enthanol was improved.