孙悟空形象的时代精神和文化意蕴

The times features and cultural implication of Monkey King

孙悟空形象的特点是亦真亦幻,幻中寓真。这个形象的创造深深地植根于社会历史生活和民族文化的土壤之中。他的“强者为尊”和追求自由的思想性格与明代中后期进步的社会思潮有着深刻的内在联系,李贽的尊贤思想和童心说在他的身上都有着鲜明的表现。他的积极乐观、勇敢无畏、爱憎分明、嫉恶如仇等美好品德,反映了中华民族优秀的民族性格和传统文化中的精华。孙悟空的斗争智慧也多来源于现实的社会生活。小说在奇幻描写中时时透出世俗社会的人情事理。孙悟空形象的童真童趣,也是时代精神的一种独特表现。

The features of the image of Monkey King are a combination of fiction and fact. The image creation is deep rooted in the social life and national culture. His view of “the strongest should be revered” and his pursuit of freedom have close relation to the social ethos of the middle and late period of Ming Dynasty. He is the embodiment of Li Zhi’s thoughts of “honoring the sages” and “childlike innocence”. The fanciful novel actually reveals the rules of the worldly land: his dauntlessness, integrity and righteousness represent the personality of the Chinese nation and the quintessence of traditional culture; his mischievousness is also a unique expression of the features of the age.