浅论白体诗和昆体诗的同质异构

About the Isomerism in the Poems of Bai Style and Xikun Style

作为宋初两大诗歌流派的白体和西昆体,其诗学思想曾被一些治宋诗的学者认定是相互对峙的,然而事实上二者在创作心态,文学功用,对唐代诗歌的积极借鉴以及讽喻倾向等方面有着本质的相通,它们是相互渗透,并行发展的,是一种“同质异构”的关系。本文试选取王禹偁和杨亿为主要代表,从师法唐人、士人心态、讽喻倾向及诗学传承方面说明白体与西昆体的“同质异构”关系。

Poems of Bai Style and Xikun Style were two outstanding schools in early Song Dynasty. They were regarded, by some scholars studying Song Poems, to be contradictory in the ideas guiding literary creation. Actually, they were essentially alike, in their psychology for creation, literary function, frequent reference from Tang Poems, and drift of allegory as well. They cross-fertilized and developed with parallel. Therefore, a conclusion can be drawn that the two schools were two isomeric poets, Wang Yu Chen and Yang Yi, presented their schools respectively. The author, using them for examples, tries to relate and analyze the isomerism in poems of Bai Style and Xikun Style, from their imitation of the style of Tang poets, psychology of literiti and officialdom, drift of allegory, and transmission of the styles of poesy.