贵州省自然区划与区域开发

PHYSICO-GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONALIZATION ANDREGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF GUIZHOUPROVINCE

贵州省位于中国西南合。以土地段为制图单元,根据初级地貌形态组合、土壤和植被的差别,可分出5种一级土地类型和78种二级土地类型。把土地类型结构相对一致的范围组合为自然小区,贵州省共有32个自然小区。参照“由上向下”的演绎,自然小区再“由下向上”地归纳为7个自然亚区和3个自然区,同时也明确地划定了界线。这样,全国自然区划方案在贵州省得以彻底贯彻,土地分类与自然区划也统一起来。然后以自然区划为框架,以自然资源结构为基础,论述了每个区划单元的区域开发战略。

Not one previous scheme of physico-geographical regionalization has divided China into the lowest regional units. An important cause of this is that the genesis theory, upon which the Procedure of division "from top to bottom" is based, can suit only for analysis of larger-scale terrestrial differentiation. This paper takes the procedure of grouping "from bottom to top" on the land classification map as a necessary supplement. Thus the scheme of physico-geographical regionalization of China is implemented thoroughly in Guizhou province and the two kinds of research, i.e. land classification and physico-geographical regionalization, are integrated.Guizhou province is situated in the southwestern China. It has an area of 176636 sq km, which comprises 1.84 per cent of the whole land of China. Its climate belongs to monsoon type of plateau humid subtropical zone with more overcast and rain and less sunshine. Geomor-phologically it is an erosion karst plateau and has various types of landforms. It is rich in water and waterpower resources. Its soils are mainly yellow and calcareous types. It has the vegetation of evergreen broad-leaved forest with characteristics of karst habitat. Most part of the Guizhou province belongs to the Natural Region of Guizhou Plateau, and others to the Natural Region of Sichuan Basin and Natural Region of Yunnan Plateau respectively. The Guizhou Plateau Region can be divided into five subregions, i.e. the Northern Mountains and Gorges, the Eastern Mountains, and Hills, the Southern Low Mountains and Valleys, the Western Mountains and the Central Hilly Plateau. Every subregion comprises many natural areas which have a unique land structure.In Guizhou province, the main factors of land differentiation are pattern of basic land-forsm, elevation above see level, surface material and human activity. They comprehensively reflect geomorphology and soil-vegetation. According to these indexes and taking land system as mapping unit, five land types at the first order and seventy-eight land types at the second order can be distinguished. Then, ranges with relative identical land structure may be grouped into natural areas. Thirty two natural areas are grouped. They are regrouped so that the boundaries of natural subregions and regions are. determined.Conforming to the development of economic situation of China, the application of physico-geographical regionalization ought to be expanded from "agriculture" to "regional development and territorial readjustment". This paper analyses features of natural resources and location conditions, compares them with problems of present development, and suggests the future development strategies for every subregions and areas.