体外受精与胚胎移植孕妇的心理问题和护理干预效果的观察

An Investigation and Intervention of Psychological and Behavioral Changes in Early Phase of Pregnant Women Treated with IVF-ET

目的探讨不孕症体外受精与胚胎移植(IVF-ET)治疗患者妊娠早期的心理和行为问题,并进行护理干预和对干预效果进行评定。方法对30例IVF-ET治疗患者妊娠早期的心理问题和行为变化进行调查,结合症状自评量表(SCL-90)问卷调查,对IVF-ET孕妇的心理和行为问题进行干预,对干预的效果在预产期前1周再进行评定,并与30例同期普通妊娠妇女进行对照。结果IVF-ET组孕妇在日常生活和行为方面与普通妊娠孕妇有显著差异,SCL-90评定发现,IVF-ET组孕妇的焦虑、躯体化、强迫、人际关系和偏执因子分均高于普通妊娠孕妇组。对这些孕妇进行干预后在预产期前1周再评定,SCL-90各因子分与普通孕妇已无明显差异。结论IVF-ET孕妇与普通妊娠妇女孕早期的心理和行为有明显差异,主要表现为过度的紧张、担忧、躯体化症状和人际关系敏感等。对IVF-ET早期妊娠妇女应采取及时有效的心理和行为干预,以解除她们不必要的担忧和焦虑,至预产期前1周IVF-ET孕妇的焦虑、躯体化、人际关系等各因子分已明显下降,与普通孕妇已无明显差异。

Objective To investigate and intervene the psychological and behavioral changes in the early phase of pregnant women treated with in-vitro fertilization-embryo transplantation （IVF-ET）. Methods Thirty early phase pregnant women treated with IVF-ET were investigated of psychological and behavioral changes with SCL-90 scale. Their psychological and behavioral problems were intervened. The psychological and behavioral changes were evaluated and compared with 30 normal pregnant women 1 week before the expected delivery. Results There was significant difference of daily life and behaviors between the pregnant women treated with IVF-ET and normal pregnant women. The factor scores in SCL-90 of anxiety, somatization, compulsion, interpersonal relationship and paranoid in early phase pregnant women treated with IVF-ET were higher and the behaviors were more conservative than the ordinary pregnant women at the same phase. After interventions, the two groups in SCL-90 scores and behaviors were not different at one week before predicted delivery. Conclusion The early phase of pregnant women treated with IVF-ET have many psychological and behavioral problems such as high sores of anxiety, somatization, interpersonal relationship and too conservative behaviors. Psychological and behavior interventions are effective for these early phase pregnant women treated with IVF-ET.