GSTM1和GSTT1基因多态性与噪声性听力损失易感性的关系

The relationship between GSTM1 and GSTT1 genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss

目的探讨GSTM1和GSTT1基因多态性与噪声性听力损失易感性的关系。方法采用病例对照研究方法和多重聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术检测听损组123(118)例和对照组123(114)例的GSTM1和GSTT1基因缺失型频率,以2检验检测听损组和对照组基因型频率的差异。结果GSTM1基因在听损组和正常组的缺失率分别为69.1%和56.1%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。GSTM1(-)基因型携带者发生噪声性听力损失的危险性是携带GSTM1(+)基因型者的1.75倍。GSTT1基因在听损组和正常组的缺失率为50.8%和57.9%,差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。联合分析表明,携带GSTM1(-)和GSTT1(-)基因型者发生噪声性听力损失的危险性虽稍高于携带GSTM1(+)和GSTT1(+)基因型者(OR=1.11,2=0.16,P>0.05),但差异无统计学意义,由此认为GSTM1和GSTT1基因之间可能不存在联合作用。结论GSTM1基因缺失可能是发生噪声性听力损失的易感因素之一。

Objective To explore the relationship between GSTM1 and GSTT1 genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss. Methods A case-control study was conducted among 123 （118） cases and 123 （114） controls. The genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were detected with the method of multiplex polymerase chain reaction. X^2 test was used to detect the frequency of genotype of GSTM1 and GSTT1 in the cases and the controls. Results The frequency of the GSTM1 deletion was 69. 1% and 56.1% , respectively in the cases and the controls, and their difference was statistically significant （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Persons with GSTM1 （ - ） had higher risk of noise-induced hearing loss than those with GSTM1 （ ＋ ）. The frequency of the GSTT1 deletion was 50. 8% and 57.9%, respectively in the cases and the controls, and their difference was not statistically significant （P 〉 0. 05 ）. The results showed that the genes of GSTM1 and GSTT1 had no combined action, those with GSTM1 （ - ） and GSTT1 （ - ） genotype had high risk of developing noise-induced hearing loss than those with GSTM1 （ ＋ ） and GSTT1 （ ＋ ） （ OR = 1.11, X^2 = 0. 16,P 〉 0. 05 ）. Conclusion GSTM1 gene deletion may be one of risk factors contributing to development of noise-induced heating loss.