河流地貌系统的过程响应模型实验

A PROCESS-RESPONSE MODELLING IN THE RIVER MORPHOLOGICAL SYSTEM

本文讨论了河流地貌系统的过程响应模型的基本原理、设计步骤、模型砂料配制以及实验数据的系统分析,并给出了设计实例和某些分析成果。

This paper is dealt with some problems about process-response model in a river morphological system, such as model theory base, similarity, designstep, model test and experimental data analysis, etc.A few case studies and experimental results are also,included.The process-response model is a kind of hardware models, developed from the so-called principles of the same effect, but different structure based on systematic theory and geomorphic analogue with geomorphic equations and functions. It is chraacterized by similarties of feature statistics,material component and level-structure ratio, relative time scale, change rate of a system, causalities, energy dissipative way and process-response activities between the model and prototype, but it does not require very exact similarities in geometry, kinematics and dynamics between the two.It is very necessary for designing a process-response model in a river system to analyse channel pattern classification and formation, in which it is mainly put focus on gradient-bankful discharge relation, sinuosity-valley slope relation, boundary condition and geological situation, etc. The model design is carried out by about 12 steps.With similarities of model to real world in channel pattern, form processes, and proess-response activities, etc. the model will be tested. During these procedures, tol some extent,the key that it is successful or not is simi-larity in flood pain component and structure.Data analyses are basically included that of model channel feature measuring, time and space strucuie, nondimensional hydraulic geometry, material transportation, enegy dissipative way and rate, complex response and geomorphic threshold, etc.In recent 10 years, it has been demonstrated that the process-response model is available and satisfactory to simulate formation and evolution in a river morphological system.