宁波市城区居民身体运动现状调查

Current situation of physical activities among the urban residents of Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province

目的了解宁波市城区居民的身体运动现状，制定和实施促进身体运动的策略。方法采用多阶段随机抽样的方法，对城市六区的2400名15～69岁居民进行问卷调查，调查采用自填或访谈的形式进行。结果按照CDC／ACSM推荐的运动量标准（每周至少5天，每天进行至少30分钟的中等强度身体运动或每周至少3天，每天进行至少20分钟的剧烈身体运动），宁波市城区居民的身体运动率为77．4％。运动中，家务、交通、休闲运动分别占44.5％、35．6％和19．9％。大多数社区居民（54．0％）对自身的身体运动能够进行准确的自我评价，自我效能比较好。大部分的居民处于身体运动的维持阶段或无打算阶段。居民对一般的运动常识掌握情况尚可，但是对运动损伤和运动安全方面知识掌握情况相对薄弱。结论根据现状，可有目的地开展一些休闲式和放松式的体育锻炼项目，宣传适量运动的益处，营造运动时尚，创造支持性环境。

Objective To investigate the current situation of physical activities among the urban residents in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province. Methods 2400 residents aged 15-69, were selected by multistage random stratified sampling from the six urban districts and investigated by self-administered questionnaire survey or in-door interview. The criteria recommended by the US CDC/ACSM was used. Results The physical activity rate of the urban residents in Ningbo City was 77.4%. Housework, traffic activity, and leisure activity accounted for 44.5%, 35.6%, and 19.9% respeetively of the whole physical activity. The reasons not to participate in physical activity frequently included lack of time （52.2%）, being tired because of daily work or housework （45.6%）, being un-interested （25.0%）, etc. The most preferred forms of physical activity included walk （54.4 % ）, fitness exercise （6.1% ）, jogging （5.9 % ）, shadowboxing （3.5%）, etc. 37.9% of the respondents underestimated their physical activity intensity, and 8.1% of the respondents overestimated their physical activity intensity. According to Prochaska and Diclimente＇ s transtheoretical model, 71.1% of them were at the stage of maintenance, and 24.0% of them were at the stage pre-contemplation. The residents grasped the common knowledge about physical activity well and had a poor knowledge about safe sports and sports trauma. Conclusion The overall physical activity rate of the urban residents of Ningbo City was rather high; however, the leisure physical activity rate was similar to that of the whole Chinese population. Proper forms of leisure and relaxation physical activities should be developed and publicize.