膨胀蛭石/聚(丙烯酸钾-丙烯酰胺)高吸水性复合材料的制备、性能及表征

Preparation,properties and characterization of expanded vermiculite/poly(potassium acrylate-acrylamide) superabsorbent composite

以N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,过硫酸钾为引发剂,丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺为单体,采用新型水溶液聚合法合成了膨胀蛭石/聚(丙烯酸钾-丙烯酰胺)高吸水性复合材料。考察了交联剂用量、引发剂用量、单体浓度、中和度、反应温度、单体质量比及膨胀蛭石含量对吸水倍率的影响,试验结果表明,当蛭石含量为30%(相对单体质量,下同)时,交联剂用量为0.04%,引发剂为1.1%,中和度为75%(相对丙烯酸物质的量),单体浓度为50%,反应温度为75℃,吸水倍率最高可达1048g/g。最后,采用SEMI、R对其结构及组成进行了表征。

Expanded vermiculite/poly （potassium acrylate-acrylamide） were synthesized by a novel aqueous solution polymerization with N, N＇-methylene bisacrylamide as crosslinker K2S2O8 as initiator, acrylic acid and acrylamide as monomers. The effects of amounts of cross-linker, initiator, neutralization degree, reaction temperature, mass ratio of acrylic acid to acrylamide and expanded vermiculite on water absorbency were researched. The results showed that crosslinker of 0.04wt%, initiator of 1.1wt%, neutralization degree of 75%, monomer concentration of 50wt% and temperature of 75℃ were the best conditions when the amount of expanded vermiculite is 30wt%, the water absorbency is up to 1048g/g. Finally, SEM and IR were used to characterize the structure and constitutes of superabsorbent composite.