基于生态足迹的海南农产品结构优化分析

Ecological Footprint Analysis on Agricultural Products Composing Optimization in Hainan Province

简要介绍了生态足迹方法和农产品结构优化模型,对海南省2003年主要农产品产值足迹进行计算与分析。结果表明,蕃薯、土烟、蔬菜、瓜类、水果、禽肉、菠萝、荔枝、柑桔橙、龙眼、芒果、橡胶、咖啡、茶叶、胡椒、腰果的产值足迹最低,其生态经济效益最高;糖蔗、奶类、禽蛋、香蕉的产值足迹较低,其生态经济效益较高;猪肉、淡水产品的产值足迹高,其生态经济效益低;谷物、大豆、海产品、槟榔的产值足迹较高,其生态经济效益较低;油料、牛肉、羊肉、木材的产值足迹最高,其生态经济效益最低。为提高生态经济综合效益,应优先发展林业(除木材业外),积极发展农产品种植业,限制发展畜牧业和木材业。

The paper briefly introduced the ecological footprint method and the model of agricultural products composing optimization,calculated and analyzed the production values＇ ecological footprints of the main agricultural products in Hainan province in 2003.The results show that,the agricultural products, with lowest production values＇ ecological footprints and highest ecological and economic benefits, include sweet potato, tobacco, vegetable, melon, fruit, birds meat, pineapple, litchi, orange, long-an, mango, rubber, coffee, tea, pepper and cashew nut; the products with lower ecological footprints and higher benefits,include sugar, milk, birds egg and banana; the products with high ecological footprints and low benefits, include pork and freshwater products; the products with higher ecological footprints and lower benefits, include corn, soybean, seafood and betelnut; the products with highest ecological footprints and lowest benefits, include oil plant, beef, mutton and timber. In Hainan, in order to improve comprehensive ecological and economic benefits, forestry should be firstly developed （except timber industry）, then farm planting industry be actively strengthen and stockbreeding and timber industry be restricted.