不同供氮水平对荞麦茎叶中黄酮含量的影响

Effect of nitrogen supply on flavone and rutin accumulation in stems and leaves of common buckwheat(Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)

以普通荞麦品种晋荞1号(Fagopyrum esculentumMoench,cv.Jinq iao 1)为材料,通过盆栽试验研究苗期和开花前不同供氮水平(0(CK)、100、200 kg.hm-2)对不同生育期荞麦茎叶的干物质量、芦丁和黄酮含量的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,经100、200 kg.hm-2的氮肥处理,盛花期叶片中芦丁和黄酮含量分别下降了36%、46%和27%、47%,成熟期分别下降了20%、56%和22%、52%;经100、200 kg.hm-2的氮肥处理,盛花期茎中黄酮含量分别下降了13%和19%,成熟期分别下降了31%和28%。高氮处理对荞麦叶片黄酮含量的负效应比对茎的更为明显。100 kg.hm-2的氮肥处理下单株茎叶干物质量及芦丁和黄酮产量皆最高。适量施用氮肥将有利于单株水平上的干物质产量和黄酮产量的提高。

The experiment was carried out at the greenhouse, seeds of common buckwheat （F. esculentum Moench, cv. Jinqiao 1 ） were sowed in pots filled with soil and treated with 0 （as control） , 100, 200 kg·hm^-2 nitrogen at seedling stage and before flowering in order to study the effects of N-supply on dry weight, contents of rutin and flavone in stems and leaves of buckwheat. The main results showed that, in comparing with control, the rutin and flavone contents in leaves at blooming stage were respectively decreased by 36% , 46% and 27% , 47% , and those at mature stage were decreased by 20% , 56% and 22% , 52% ; the flavone contents in stems at blooming stage were decreased by 13% and 19% , and those at mature stage were decreased by 31% and 28% , respectively under 100, 200 kg·hm^-2 N-supply. It was obvious that the negative effects of higher level of N-supply on flavone accumulation were more distinct in leaves than in stems. Dry weight of stems and leaves and total yields of rutin and flavone per plant under 100 kg ·hm^-2 nitrogen treatment were the highest among three levels of N treatments. It might be concluded that moderate nitrogen application was benefit to increase the dry matter and flavone yield in leaves and stems of common buckwheat.