有机无机肥料配施对盆栽菠菜生长和土壤供氮特性的影响

Effect of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer application on growth of spinach and soil nitrogen supply

通过盆栽试验研究了有机肥与无机肥配施对菠菜产量、品质及土壤供氮特性的影响。结果表明,收获时菠菜生物量由大到小依次为:处理4(5%(占施氮量百分比)尿素与95%有机肥配施)、处理5(10%尿素与90%有机肥配施)、处理3(有机肥)、处理2(无机肥)、处理1(不施肥);植株氮累积量以处理5最多,其他处理趋势与生物量相同。收获时,植株维生素C含量依次为处理4、处理3、处理5、处理2、处理1,并且所有处理菠菜可食用部分硝酸盐含量均达到直接食用标准(小于432 mg.kg-1);无机肥处理比有机肥处理矿质态氮释放速度快,有机无机肥配施处理能更好地调节土壤氮素的释放;有机无机肥配施处理与有机肥处理能增加土壤微生物量碳,且增加幅度大于单施无机肥处理。

A pot experiment was carried out to study the effect of application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on spinach growth and soil nitrogen supplying characteristics. The results obtained are listed as follows. Fresh and dry weight of spinach in the treatment 4 （5% of nitrogen was supplied by urea and 95% of nitrogen was from organic fertilizer） and treatment 5 （ 10% of nitrogen was supplied by urea and 90% nitrogen was from organic fertilizer） were significantly higher than those of treatment 2 （ inorganic fertilizer alone） and treatment 1 （ no fertilizer） , and nitrogen content in spinach was higher in treatment 5 than that in other treat- ments. In addition, Vitamin C content in spinach was the highest in treatment 4, and nitrate content in all treatments was eatable. Mineral nitrogen contents in the soil added with inorganic fertilizer alone were much higher than those with organic fertilizer in early growth stage, while a steady increase of mineral nitrogen content was found in soil in which combined application of organic and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer was added during the whole growth period of spinach. Soil microbial biomass carbon added with organic and inorganic fertilizer and organic fertilizer increased faster than added with inorganic fertilizer. To conclude, combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer could improve the soil nitrogen supplying characteristics and synchronize the soil nitrogen supplying with the requirement by spinach.