四川大山区化疗灭螺控制血吸虫病效果观察

Schistosomiasis Control Effect by Chemotherapy and Snail Control in Mountainous Area,Sichuan

目的 在四川省大山区血吸虫病流行区观察化疗和灭螺控制血吸虫病的效果。方法 选择四川省西昌市大兴乡为试验区，化疗加灭螺试验组实施人群扩大化疗和易感环境灭螺；单纯化疗试验组仅实施人群扩大化疗。试验前、后用粪检方法检查试验区的血吸虫感染情况。结果 试验前化疗加灭螺组和单纯化疗组的人群血吸虫感染率分别为43．7％、41．2％。试验期间化疗加灭螺组和单纯化疗组的化疗覆盖率在51．9％～56．4％之间，化疗加灭螺组的灭螺面积覆盖率为28．0％～31．4％。试验实施2年后，化疗加灭螺组感染率由43．7％下降到11．7％，单纯化疗组感染率由41．2％下降到30．3％。结论 在四川大山区血吸虫病重流行区实施扩大化疗和易感环境灭螺能有效地降低血吸虫感染率 .

Objective To observe the schistosomiasis control effect after carrying out human chemotherapy and snail control measures in mountainous area of Sichuan Province. Method Daxing Township of Xichang City was selected as experimental site. Two groups i. e. single extended chemotherapy group and extended chemotherapy ＋ snail control in higher risk area group were compared. The effect was evaluated by human schistosomiasis infection rates identified by stool examination before and after experiment. Result Before experiment, the human infection rates in single chemotherapy group and chemotherapy ＋ snail control group were 41.2% and 43.7% respectively. During experiment period, the coverage rate of chemotherapy ranged 51.9% -56.4% in two groups while the coverage rate of snail control reached 28.0% - 31.4% in chemotherapy ＋ snail control group. Two years after implementing the control measures,the human infection rate dropped from 43.7% to 11.7% in chemotherapy ＋ snail control group and dropped from 41.2% to 30.3% in single chemotherapy group. Conclusion In hyper-endemic mountainous area, the schistosomiasis infection could effectively be reduced by chemotherapy and snail control.