2[2]Voggenreiter G,Neudeck F,Aufmkolk M,et al.Operative chest wall stabilization in flail chest-outcomes of patients with or without pulmonary contusion[J].Journal of the American Collage of Surgeons,1998,187(2):130-138.
3[3]Bianchi M,Cataldi M.Closed thoracic trauma:Considerations on Surgical treament of flail chest[J].Minerva chirurgica,2000,55(12):861～868.
6[6]Ullmnn DA,Fortune JB,Wimpy RE,et al.The treatment of patients with multiple rib fractures using continuous thoracic epidural narcotic infusion[J].Reg Anesth,1998,14:43-46.
7孙衍庆.现代胸心外科学.人民军医出版社,2000,1(1):1273-1280.
二级参考文献9
1Lewis FL Jr, Thomas AN, Schlobohm RM. Control of respiratory therapy in flail chest. Ann Thorac Surg, 1975,20(2) : 170-176.
2Bone RC. A new therapy for the adult respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med, 1993,328(6):431-432.
3Shackford SR,Smith DE, Zarins CK, et al. The management of flail chest: A comparison of ventilatory and nonventilatory treatment. Am J Surg, 1976,132(6) :759-762.
4Freedland M, Wilson RF, Bender JS, et al. The management of flail chest injury: factors affecting outcome. J Trauma, 1990,30(12) : 1460-1468.
5Cullen P, Modell JH, Kirby RR, et al.Treatment of flail chest.Use of intermittent mandatory ventilation and positive end-expiratory pressure. Arch Surg, 1975,110(9) : 1099 - 1103.
6Moomey CB Jr, Fabian TC,Croce MA, et al. Cardiopulmonary function after pulmonary contusion and partial ventilation. J Trauma, 1998,45(2) :283-290.
7Voggenreiter G, Neudeck F, Aufmkolk M, et al. Operative chest wall stabilization in flail chest: outcomes of patients with or without pulmonary contusion. J Am Coil Surg, 1998,187(2) :130-138.
