朝鲜战争中美国决策的特点

On the Features of American Strategy during the Korean War

1950年———1953年的朝鲜战争是中国与美国两个大国在各自境外进行的一场大规模的局部战争。美国作为战后的超级大国,具有称霸世界的野心和实力,但同时又要面对与苏联的对抗。这场战争中,从美国决策的角度其中一个突出的特点是美国从始至终都站在全球与苏联对抗的高度和角度对战争进行判断,战争决策中都贯穿着美国冷战的宏观战略指导思想,即遏制苏联,中心在欧洲,不能在东亚耗费过多国力。本文从美国对朝鲜战争性质的界定以及在战争过程中的决策两方面来对此特点进行论证。

The Korean War （1950- 1953） was a large- scale regional war launched between China and the USA out of their own territories. As a postwar superpower, the US was filled with ambition and power to seek hegemony but meanwhile had to face with the competition with the USSR. The American strategies in this war was characterized with the judgment of countering against the USSR from the height and angle of the whole world, impenetrating the American macroscopically strategic guideline of the Cold War, i, e. containment of the USSR, which meant to center on the Europe and could not waste too much power in East Asia. This paper will discuss this feature from two aspects, i.e. the definition of the Korean War and the strategy during the war.