夏夫兹博里“审美无利害”思想与审美现代性

Shaftesbury's Thoughts on 'Aesthetic Disinterestedness' and the Aesthetic Modernity

夏夫兹博里最早从主体自身出发提出审美不涉及利害的思想,他在上帝退场和理性自律兴起后将情感当作了道德的根据,将这种情感称为“道德感”,是通过内在感官以直觉的方式获得的,并将审美看作是通过“内感觉”实现的直觉快感。在摆脱了形而上的束缚后,从主体出发的无利害的审美开始出现。

Anthony Ashley Cooper Shaftesbury Ⅲ, the 18th century esthetician, first brought up the ideas of aesthetic disinterestedness in terms of subject and sense. After the exit of the God and the rise of self--discipline of rationality, in his views, the feeling became the standards of moral. Shaftesbury called this feeling ＇moral＇ sense, which was an intuition by inner sense. At the same time, the sense of beauty was also an intuition. When he broke away from metaphysics, the aesthetic disinterestedness was brought up. Under the influence of Shaftesbury, other British empirical estheticlans, such as Francis Hutcheson, Joseph Addlson, David Hume, and Edmund Burke, proposed aesthetic disinterestedness in succession. Under the influence British empirical of aesthetics, Immanuel Kant established aesthetic disinterestedness as an aesthetic principle.