石油污染对牡蛎超显微结构毒性效应的研究

Research on the toxic effect of petroleum pollution on ultramicroscopic structures of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)

采用电子显微镜观察石油污染对牡蛎生殖腺和肝胰腺组织细胞的毒性作用。结果显示,石油污染对牡蛎具有明显的慢性毒害作用,50 mg／L浓度组,实验10 d的牡蛎,其组织细胞受石油污染不明显;当实验时间为30 d时,出现明显的毒性效应,细胞核核膜肿胀,染色质聚集并边际化,细胞核崩解,细胞坏死,组织萎缩,线粒体的变化较其他细胞器对石油污染较敏感,受损坏的程度较重。

The toxic effects of petroleum on gonad and hepatopancreas were observed under the electron microscope. The results shown that the petroleum has chronic toxic effects on Pacific oysters. In the group with the petroleum concentration of 50 mg/L, there was an unconspicuous evidence to show the effects on the histiocyte of oysters for 10 day. However, when the experimental period was 30 days, the histiocyte presented the obvious symptoms, and the oysters were terriblely affected by the petroleum. The features were the tumefaction of karyolemma, conglomeration and marginaliztion of chromosome, nucleus bursting apart, cytocla- sis, tissue atrophy, etc. Among all these features, the effects on the mitochondria were more serious than that of other organs.