神经干细胞与神经修复

Neural stem cells and neural repair

目的:随着神经干细胞的研究深入,神经细胞损伤缺失后形态和功能恢复已成为可能。对神经干细胞的存在部位、来源、植入途径、修复机制及植入体内后机体的免疫反应进行研究。资料来源:应用计算机检索Pubmed数据库1992-01/2006-01有关神经干细胞的文章,检索词“neuralstemcell,immune”,限定文章语言种类为English。同时计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据1996-01/2006-01相关文章,检索词“神经干细胞、神经营养因子”,限定文章语言种类为中文。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选取符合研究要求的有关文章找全文。纳入标准:①有关神经干细胞部位来源的研究。②有关神经干细胞植入及修复机制的研究。③有关植入后机体免疫状态的研究。排除标准:重复研究。资料提炼:共收集到355篇有关神经干细胞及修复机制的文章,排除重复或类似的同一研究,19篇符合研究要求。资料综合:①国内外神经干细胞修复的研究:国内外通过不同部位的取材进行培养研究干细胞的来源并通过动物试验对不同植入途径产生修复的机制及效果进行研究,对植入体内后机体的免疫反应进行研究,评价神经干细胞的抗原性。②神经干细胞修复神经损伤的研究展望:神经干细胞取材培养的伦理学问题、植入后向特定表型的分化、细胞因子与植入神经干细胞的支持作用有待研究。结论:①通过神经系统不同区域内的神经干细胞培养,植入体内后可修复受损的神经组织。②神经干细胞植入体内后通过促进体内神经生长因子分泌及自身分泌神经生长因子修复受损神经组织。③神经干细胞移植修复神经组织是神经修复的方向。

OBJECTIVE： As the investigation on neural stem cells becoming deeper and deeper, the recovery of shape and function in nerve cells after injury is possible now. To probe into the existing location, sources, implant method, repair mechanism and the immune reaction of organism after implantation of neural stem cells. DATA SOURCES： A computer-based online search for English articles about neural stem cells between January 1992 and January 2006 was conducted in Pubmed database with the key words of ＂neural stem cell, immune＂. Meanwhile, CNKl and Wanfang database were searched for relevant Chinese literatures between January 1996 .and January 2006 with the key words of ＂neural stem cell, neurotrophic factor＂. STUDY SELECTION： Data were checked in the first trial, and those in accordance with the criteria of research were looked for the full text. Inclusion criteria：①Researches on position sources of neural stem cells.② Researches about the implant and repair mechanism of neural stem cells. ③Studies related to the immune state of organism after implant. Exclusion criteria： repetitive studies. DATA EXTRACTION： A total of 355 articles about neural stem cells and its repair mechanism were collected, and repetitive or similar studies were excluded. Nineteen literatures were in accordance with the criteria of researches. DATA SYNTHESIS： ①Studies of neural stem cell repair at home and abroad： the sources of stem cells was investigated by animal experiments on repair mechanism and effects through different implanting methods, and the immune reaction of organism after implantation was probed into, and the antigenicity of neural stem cells was evaluated.②Prospect of researches on neural injury repaired by neural stem cells： more work should be done on the ethics in materials and culture of neural stem cells, differentiation towards special phenotype after implantation and the supporting effect of cell factor and implanted neural stem cells. CONCLUSION：①Injured neural tissues can be repaired by implanting neural stem cells cultured in different regions of neural system. ②Injured neural tissues are repaired by implantation of neural stem cells, which can promote the secretion of neural growth factors and self-secreted neural growth factors.③Implantation of neural stem cells in repairing neural tissues is the main direction.