蜜环菌固体培养特性

Cultural Characteristics of Armillaria Mellea on Solid Media

目的 研究蜜环菌的固体培养特性。方法利用半固体琼脂培养基对蜜环菌进行暗培养，观测不同培养基、不同碳源、不同氮源、不同温度对蜜环菌生长和形态的影响。测定蜜环菌不同发育阶段菌体中多糖、还原糖、葡萄糖和甘露醇的含量变化。结果蜜环菌在不同培养基上的生长量差别较大，形态也有差别。蜜环菌对糖的利用明显优于相应的糖醇，对小分子的乙醇和甘油都能够利用，对于淀粉则利用较慢。蜜环菌对有机氮源和无机氮源都能很好利用。VitB1对蜜环菌生长没有明显促进作用。蜜环菌在麦芽汁培养基上30℃培养的生长周期比25℃条件下缩短7d左右。蜜环菌在对数生长期和稳定生长期多糖含量分别为9．29％和4．70％，甘露醇含量分别为10．08％和10．58％，生长期中葡萄糖和总还原糖的含量则一直很低。结论碳源因素对蜜环菌生长的影响大于氮源因素。蜜环菌适宜生长温度为20-30℃。甘露醇是蜜环菌体内积累较多的小分子糖类成分。

Objective To study the cultural characteristics of Armillaria mellea （A. mellea ） on solid media. Methods A. meUea was cultured on semi-solid agar medium in dark conditions. Effects of different media, carbon sources, nitrogen sources, and temperature on growth and morphology of A. mellea were observed. The contents of polysaccharide, mannitol, glucose, and reducing sugars in A. mellea during different stages of development were determined. Results The biomass and morphology of A. meUea were different in various media. Sugars were more effective carbon sources than the relevant sugar alcohols. Little molecular carbon sources such as alcohol and glycerol could be utilized by A. mellea, but starch only could be utilized slowly. Either organic or inorganic nitrogen sources could be uptaken and utilized effectively by A. mellea. No evidence was found that VitB1 affects the growth of A. mellea. The growth cycle on wort medium at 30℃ was shorter than that at 25℃ for 7 days. In logarithmic growth phase and stable phase, the polysaccharide contents of A. mellea were 9. 24% and 4. 70% respectively, while the mannitol contents were 10. 08% and 10. 58% respectively; glucose and reducing sugar contents remained low level in the whole growth stage. Conclusions Carbon sources have a more remarked effect on the growth of A. mellea than the nitrogen sources do. Optimal temperature for the growth of A. mellea ranges 20-30℃. Mannitol accumulates more than other little molecular carbohydrates in A. mellea.