强天气监测和潜势预报系统

A Severe Weather Monitor and Potential Forecasting System for NMC

该文介绍了国家气象中心的强天气监测和潜势预报系统(NMICAPS短时预报版),该系统是在NMICAPS系统的基础上,为满足国家气象中心的强天气监测和潜势预报业务的需求而开发的。系统采用Linux操作系统平台,在资料检索、数据分析、地理信息应用等几个方面进行了改进,并增加了一些针对强天气潜势预报的功能。该系统操作简便,基本能够满足该项业务的需要。

In recent years, the observing systems of China Meteorological Administration （CMA） develop quickly. Data type and quantity increase rapidly. The monitoring and forecasting ability of the severe and disaster weather would be significantly improved if these data are used effectively. The MICAPS running on SGI IRIX workstation and NMICAPS running on LINUX workstation are the current operational systems of the National Meteorological Center （NMC）, and they are designed for nationwide short-range weather forecast. They are not adequate for monitoring severe weather or forecasting for disaster weather＇s potential. To satisfy these demands, a new system named Severe Weather Monitor and Potential Forecasting System is developed for the forecasters in NMC with computer program language C ＋ ＋ . It runs on RedHat WS3 Linux workstation and provides data search, data analysis, display and geographic information application functions etc. All kinds of data which received in NMC can be displayed, such as the routine observation data, auto weather station data, NWP data, lightning detector＇ s data, radar products and satellite data. The objective forecast methods for heavy rain and severe weather are introduced in the system. Multi-windows display is provided in this system. In default, only one main window is displayed in the main display area and 20 smaller windows are hided in the left of the main window. The main display area can also display four windows and just one window is active. Only the active window can accept user＇s input by keyboard and mouse. A double click over a small window or drag a small window into the active window by mouse can quickly swaps the contents of that window with the active window. This system provides three data retrieval methods. ① to retrieve data using the menu, user can change default display data by each menu item by modified configure file; ② to retrieve data using a window, this graphic user interface can list all predefined combined data files for forecasters and combined files can be defined by forecasters; ③ to retrieve data in different directories directly. Satellite and radar data display is very flexible in the system. They can be displayed on any map projections. The resolution can be adjusted to display rapidly or in detail. It can do objective analysis on discrete data, such as rain gauge data, and generate regular grid data. It has many human-computer interactive tools for forecasters to analyze weather charts and to make weather forecasts. The data analysis and display properties can be changed very easily at any time. It can display the specified data automatically as new data are received. A configuration tool is provided. Different users can use different parameters to start this system. Data analysis method and display properties can be defined by users. It can meet the needs of NMC and is easy to use.