乳腺癌信号转导途径中Akt的激活及意义

Activation and significance of Akt in signal regulatory pathway of human breast cancer

目的：明确乳腺癌中是否存在Akt的过度表达以及对预后的影响。方法：采用SP免疫组化方法，检测260例乳腺癌患者中Akt的表达情况。结果：乳腺癌中Akt阳性率50．00％（130／260）。Akt在乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达高于乳腺导管内癌，差异有统计学意义，X^2=4．02，P=0．0450；Akt在体积＜2cm^3的肿瘤和体积≥5cm^3的相比，差异有统计学意义，X^2=11．66，P=0．0006；Akt在无淋巴结转移的病例与伴有1～3个或3个以上淋巴结转移情况相比差异均有统计学意义（X^2=23．78，P=0．0000；X^2=31．61，P=0．0000）；Akt阳性患者5年生存率49．23％（64／130）低于阴性患者70．77％（92／130），差异有统计学意义，X^2=11．68，P=0．0006。结论：Akt基因的激活可能与乳腺癌发生机制密切相关，且与预后相关，可作为预后评估指标之一。

OBJECTIVE： To explain whether over-expression of Akt gene exist in breast cancer and affect prognosis of breast cancer patients. METHODS： SP immunohistochemical method was used to examine expressions of Akt in 260 samples of primary breast cancer. RESULTS： In the specimens of breast cancer, the positive expressions of Akt were 50.00% （130/260）. Expressions of Akt in invasive ductal carcinoma are more than that in intraductal carcinoma in situ,X^2 = 4. 029 P = 0. 045 0; There is significantly difference between tumors which volume less than 2 cm^3 and larger than 5 cm^3 , X^2 = 11.66, P = 0. 000 6 ; And there is also significantly difference between the cases with no lymph metastasis and the cases with 1- 3 or more than 3 lymph metastasis （X^2 =23.78, P = 0. 000 0;X^2 = 31.61,P= 0. 000 0）,Five years survival rate of the patients with Akt positive expressions 49.23%（ 64 / 130 ） were significantly lower than the patients with negative expressions 70, 77% （92/130） ,X^2 = 11. 689 P=0. 000 6. CONCLUSION： Activation of gene Akt maybe correlate with the occur of breast cancer, and it is the factor that affects the prognosis, should be take as one of index of evaluating prognosis.