从思想启蒙到文化复兴——20年来“五四”阐释的宏观考察

From Ideological Enlightenment to Cultural Revival: A Macroscopic Study of the Explanation of the May 4th Movement in the Past 20 Years

新时期前期我国学术思想界对“五四”的阐释,经历了从一元到多元的转变,形成了“思想启蒙”、“文艺复兴”和“反传统”三种基本的诠释模式,从不同角度展示了“五四”的复杂面相。90年代的新一轮的“五四”反思,出现了“重申”、“重估”和“重释”等不同倾向,再次形成“五四”阐释的多元化格局,并带来研究内容的扩展,五四后期的整理国故重新得到肯定,一些守旧的学术人物进入研究的视野。随着学术文化思潮的变迁,“五四”阐释的主导话语,已从80年代的“思想启蒙”转变为新世纪的“文化复兴”。

In the 1980s there were three basic explanations of the May 4th Movement in the academic circle in China. They were ideological enlightenment, cultural revival and anti-tradition, which showed the complex aspects of the movement from various angles. There appeared new tendencies in the reflection in the 1990s, i.e. restatement, re-estimation and re-explanation. A new pluralistc research has been conducted while the horizons of study have been broadened as the acts of sorting of the ancient classics in the 1920s have been affimed and some of the conservative scholars have attracted the interest of academic study. With the development of academic and cultural trends the key word for the study of the May 4th Movement has turned from ideological enlightenment in the 1980s to cultural revival in the new century.