从西瓜中提取番茄红素的溶剂选择研究

THE STUDY ON EXTRACTION SOLVENT OF LYCOPENE IN WATERMELON

番茄红素是赋予西瓜、番茄等以鲜艳颜色的一种脂溶性天然色素,属于类胡萝卜素的一种,具有较强的清除自由基能力,是目前已知最有效的抗氧化活性物质。流行病学研究表明,番茄红素具有预防和抑制恶性肿瘤和癌症的作用,尤其在预防前列腺癌方面作用明显。以丙酮、石油醚、正己烷、乙酸乙酯及丙酮与其它3种溶剂的混合物为提取剂,考察提取剂对番茄红素提取率的影响。结果表明,以单一溶剂作提取剂时,石油醚和正己烷对西瓜中番茄红素的提取效果较好;以丙酮与其它3种溶剂的混合物提取时,乙酸乙酯:丙酮为6:1时提取效果最好,石油醚:丙酮为9:1时提取效果最好,正己烷:丙酮为10:1时提取效果最好。在优化混合比例下,石油醚:丙酮9:1提取效果最好。

Lycopene is a fat soluble carotenoid and a precursor of β -carotene that has has at least twice the antioxidant capacity of β -carotene, and imparts the red pigment in some fruits and vegetables, such as tomato, watermelon and grapefruit. A number of epidemiolagical studies have suggested positive health benefits in consumption of diets high in lycopene. Increased consumption of lycopene-containing foods has been associated with decreased risks of various forms of cancer, and most recently much attention has been focused on decreased risk of prostate cancer in particular. Lycopene also act as a free radical scavenger and has the highest singlet oxygen-quenching activity of all carotenoids tested from biological systems. This paper takes acetone, petroleum ether, hexane, ethyl acetate and the mixtures of acetone with the others as extraction solvents, in order to select optimal agent of lycopene extracting from watermelon. The experiments result in a optimal proportion in volume ratio of 6：1 between ethyl acetate and acetone, 9：1 between petroleum ether and acetone, 10：1 between hexane and acetone. And in optimal proportion, a mixture of petroleum ether and acetone in volume to volume ratio of 9：1 is the best extracting solvent of lycopene from watermelon.