小学生父母躯体虐待状况及其影响因素分析

Transactional Study on Physical Abuse by Parents and the Influencing Factors Among Pupils

目的了解小学生父母近1a来对子女躯体虐待行为的发生情况及其影响因素,为制定干预策略提供科学依据。方法采用自填式问卷,对某小学185名家长对子女躯体虐待的行为进行不记名调查。结果在被调查的185名小学生父母中,在最近1a里,有97人(52.4%)曾对子女实施过下列躯体虐待行为:用力徒手打(51.9%)、用物品打(10.8%)、罚跪(5.4%)、罚不让吃饭(3.2%)、曾使孩子窒息或烧烫或用利器刺伤(1.1%)。有童年期被家长躯体虐待经历的父母对子女实施躯体虐待行为的相对危险性,是无此经历父母的5.32倍。与女童比较,男童更容易受到家长的躯体虐待。父母对子女的躯体虐待行为与其受教育程度无明显关联,与家长的性别及年龄无明显关联。结论家长对儿童躯体虐待问题较为普遍。童年期受家长躯体虐待经历是导致家长对儿童躯体虐待的危险因素。

Objective To ascertain the prevalence of child physical abuse （CPA） by parents in the past year, and to provide scientific evidence for intervention measures. Methods By using an anonymous self-administered questionnaire, 185 pupils＇ parents from an elementary school were surveyed. Results Overall, 52.4% of parents reported having maltreated physically towards their children at least one time in the following forms： beating by hands （ 51.9% ）, beating with an objects （ 10.8% ）, kneeling down for punishment（5.4% ）, not allowing to eat for punishment （3.2%）, choked, or burned/ scalded or stabbed with a sharp object （ 1.1% ）. Comparing with the pareats who had no experiences of CPA by their own parents/guardians in childhood, the risk of maltreating physically to their children was 5.32 times greater among parents who had CPA experiences. Comparing with girls, boys were more likely to be maltreated physically by parents. Parents＇ CPA behavior was not significantly associated with their education level, gender and age. Conclusion The problem of CAPA by parents is common. Parents＇ experience of CPA by their own parents is a risk factor of physical maltreatment to their own children.