老年与非老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征象患者心律失常的比较

Comparison of arrhythmia between aged and non-aged patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

目的探讨老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者夜间心律失常的特点及其与非老年人的差别。方法经多导睡眠图(PSG)确诊的老年OSAHS患者38例,同时作Holter检查,44例非老年患者作为对照组。结果老年与非老年OSAHS患者夜间心律失常发生率分别为63.2%和27.3%,老年组心律失常发生率明显高于非老年组(P<0.01)。夜间心律失常表现为多种形式,同一患者也可同时发生多种心律失常,窦缓在老年组中较常见;心律失常发生率与暂停-低通气指数(AHI)以及缺氧时间成正相关;同等严重程度比较,老年组心律失常的发生率亦明显高于非老年组。结论老年OSAHS患者夜间可发生多种形式的心律失常,并与AHI和缺氧时间密切相关;OSAHS对老年人心血管系统的影响较非老年人更严重。

Objective To study the characteristics of arrhythmia in aged patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS）. Methods 38 OSAHS patients 〉60 years of age were enrolled into the study, they were diagnosed by polysomnography （PSG）, and ECG Holter was performed during PSG testing. 44 OSAHS patients 〈60 years of age were studied as control group. Results The rate of arrhythmia during the PSG testing night in the aged group was high than that of the non-aged group （63.2% vs 27.3%, P〈0.01）. Different types of arrhythmia occurred in the same patients during one single night sleep. Bradycardia rate was significantly higher in the aged group. The arrhythmia was closely related to apneahypopnea index （AHI） and hypoxemia time. With the same AHI level, arrhythmia rate of the aged group was significantly higher than that of the non-aged. Conclusions The aged OSAHS patients had different types of arrhythmia during sleep,which was significantly related to AHI and the severity of hypoxemia. This apnea induced arrhythmia might be more sever in aged patients with OSA.