含Cr(Ⅵ)电镀废水处理研究进展

Research Progress of Plating Hexavalent Chromium Contaminated Water

铬的毒性与其存在状态有关,六价铬是电镀含铬废水中的主要特征污染物。综述了电镀废水中六价铬污染相关研究的近期进展。分析了水体中六价铬污染主要来源,介绍了水体中六价铬对水生生物的毒性研究概况,包括六价铬被水生生物吸收后在生物体内的积累和分布状况以及所导致的形态学、生物化学和超微结构上的伤害,介绍了电镀含铬废水常用的几种处理方法,包括离子交换树脂法、化学沉淀法、电化学法、吸附法等,重点介绍了生物除铬新技术的优点及其发展前景,最后阐述了代铬镀层的发展趋势,从源头减少六价铬的污染。

The toxicity of chromium is related to its oxidation states, and the primary typical pollutant in chromium-containing electroplating waste water is hexavalent chromium. The recent advancement of the relevant study on hexavalent chromium pollution in electroplating waste water is reviewed. The main sources of hexavalent chromium in aquatic environment are analyzed. The research situation on the toxicity of hexavalent chromium on aquatic plants and animals is surveyed, including the accumulation and distribution of hexavalent chromium in organism after absorption and the induced morphologic, biochemical and ultrastructural damage. Some common kinds of treatment of hexavalent chromium contaminated electroplating waste water are introduced, emphasizing on the advantages of biological chromium reduction new technology and its perspective in the future. Finally the development trend of replacement of hexavalent chromium plating is presented.