种植密度对中、弱筋小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响

Effect of Planting Density on Grain Yield and Quality of Weak-gluten and Medium-gluten Wheat

为明确种植密度对小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响，以弱筋品种扬麦9号和中筋品种扬麦12号为供试材料，研究了种植密度对中、弱筋小麦籽粒产量和品质的调控效应。结果表明，扬麦9号密度从105×10^4／ha增至240×10^4／ha时，产量、总淀粉含量上升，蛋白质含量下降，密度再增加则呈相反趋势；扬麦12号密度从105×10^4／ha增至150×10^4／ha时，产量、总淀粉含量上升，密度再增加亦呈相反趋势。当密度增加至240×10^4／ha时，蛋白质含量呈下降趋势，密度再增加则蛋白质含量略有上升。在本试验条件下，弱筋品种扬麦9号最优密度为240×10^4／ha，此密度下有利于籽粒产量和品质的协调发展，生产中采用200～250×10^4／ha基本苗较为适宜；中筋品种扬麦12号最优密度为150×10^4／ha，此密度下可实现优质高产，生产中采用130～170×10^4／ha基本苗较为适宜。

Effects of planting density on grain yield and quality of weak-gluten cultivar Yangmai 9 and medium-gluten cultivar Yangmai 12 were studied. Increasing planting density from 105×10^4 to 240× 10^4 plants/ha could increase grain yield and starch content and decrease grain protein content in Yangmai 9. Increasing plant density from 105×10^4 to 150×10^4 plants/ha could increase grain yield and starch content in Yangmai 12, and when plant density reached 240×10^4 plants/ha, grain protein content was lowest. To get high yield and good quality, the suitable plant density was from 200×10^4 to 250×10^4 plants/ha for Yangmai 9 and from 130× 10^4 to 170×10^4 plants/ha for Yangmai 12.