两种检测小麦DON含量方法的比较与应用

Comparison and Application of Two Deoxynivalenol (DON) Detection Methods in Wheat Grains

为选育赤霉病毒素含量低的小麦品种，减轻赤霉病危害，在比较了免疫亲和柱液相色谱法（DON test-HPLC）和气质联用法（GC—MS）测定小麦中毒素含量的特点的基础上，利用两种方法对自然发病和赤霉病菌人工接种的小麦籽粒DON含量进行测定。结果表明，DON test—HPLC方法线性检测下限为0．1ng·μL^-1，在添加0．1～5．0mg·kg^-1DON标准品时，其平均回收率为85．80％；GC-MS方法提高了检测的可靠性，灵敏度更高，其线性检测下限为0．025ng·μL^-1，在添加0．1～10．0mg·kg^-1DON标准品时，其平均回收率为94．68％，而且能够同时检测多种毒素。相关性分析表明，两种方法检测结果相关显著（R^2=0．9928）。DON test—HPLC简便、安全，比较适宜于DON含量较低品种或品系大样品的检测。GC—MS更适宜小样品DON及其衍生物含量的检测。

Breeding wheat cuhivars with low deoxynivalenol （DON） content is an effective approach to control the toxin contamination in wheat grains caused by wheat scab. In this paper, two methods for the determination of DON content in wheat grains, DON test-HPLC and GC-MS, were compared. The results indicated that both methods were fast and accurate, with the latter more credible and sensitive. The linear lowest limit of DON test-HPLC was 0. 1 ng /μL, its average recovery rate was 85.80% when 0.1～5.0 mg·kg^-1 DON was added into the wheat grains. GC-MS method could detect as low as 0. 025 ng/μL DON, with a recovery rate of 94.68% when 0.1～10.0 mg · kg^-1 DON was added into the wheat grains. Moreover, GC-MS method could detect various toxin forms of DON, including 3-ADON, 15-ADON etc. in the same experiment, while DON test-HPLC could not distinguish different toxin forms. The two methods showed significant correlation （R^2 = 0. 9928）. Based on the present results, DON test- HPLC was suggested to be used in large samples for DON analysis, and GC-MS should be more helpful in small samples for both analysis on DON and its derivatives.